Family‐based association study of the restless legs syndrome loci 2 and 3 in a European population
Identifieur interne : 000335 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000334; suivant : 000336Family‐based association study of the restless legs syndrome loci 2 and 3 in a European population
Auteurs : David Kemlink [Allemagne, République tchèque] ; Olli Polo [Finlande] ; Pasquale Montagna [Italie] ; Federica Provini [Italie] ; Karin Stiasny-Kolster [Allemagne] ; Wolfgang Oertel [Allemagne] ; Al De Weerd [Pays-Bas] ; Sona Nevsimalova [République tchèque] ; Karel Sonka [République tchèque] ; Birgit Högl [Autriche] ; Birgit Frauscher [Autriche] ; Werner Poewe [Autriche] ; Claudia Trenkwalder [Allemagne] ; Peter P. Pramstaller [Italie] ; Luigi Ferini-Strambi [Italie] ; Marco Zucconi [Italie] ; Eric Konofal [France] ; Isabelle Arnulf [France] ; Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou [Grèce] ; Svenja Happe [Allemagne] ; Christine Klein [Allemagne] ; Anja Hiller [Allemagne] ; Peter Lichtner [Allemagne] ; Thomas Meitinger [Allemagne] ; Betram Müller-Myshok [Allemagne] ; Juliane Winkelmann [Allemagne]Source :
- Movement Disorders [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2007-01-15.
Descripteurs français
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 (genetics), Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 (genetics), Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 (genetics), Europe (epidemiology), Family study, Female, Gene Frequency (genetics), Genetic Markers, Genotype, Haplotypes, Humans, International Cooperation, Linkage Disequilibrium (genetics), Male, Middle Aged, Nervous system diseases, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polymorphism, Genetic (genetics), RLS1, RLS2, RLS3, Restless Legs Syndrome (ethnology), Restless Legs Syndrome (genetics), Restless legs syndrome, genetics, restless legs syndrome, transmission disequilibrium test.
- MESH :
- chemical : Genetic Markers.
- geographic , epidemiology : Europe.
- ethnology : Restless Legs Syndrome.
- genetics : Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9, Gene Frequency, Linkage Disequilibrium, Polymorphism, Genetic, Restless Legs Syndrome.
- Female, Genotype, Haplotypes, Humans, International Cooperation, Male, Middle Aged, Polymerase Chain Reaction.
Abstract
Three loci for the restless legs syndrome (RLS) on chromosomes 12q, 14q, and 9p (RLS1, RLS2, and RLS3) have been mapped, but no gene has been identified as yet. RLS1 has been confirmed in families from three different populations. We conducted a family‐based association study of 159 European RLS trios. The subjects were genotyped using microsatellite markers evenly covering the candidate regions on chromosomes 14q and 9p with an average intermarker distance of 1.1 cM. Transmission disequilibrium tests were used to analyze the data, and empirical P values were estimated by permutation testing. On chromosome 14q, a significant association (empirical P = 0.0033) was found with a haplotype formed by markers D14S1014 and D14S1017 when analyzing all families. On chromosome 9p, no significant association in the sample of all families and only marginally significant associations were detected, with a haplotype involving markers D9S1846‐D9S171 in a subset of South European trios and with a haplotype at D9S156‐D9S157 in a subset of Central European trios (P = 0.0086 and 0.0077, respectively). These results represent the first confirmation of these loci in a mixed European population. Variable results observed in families of different ethnic groups further corroborate the genetic complexity of RLS. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/mds.21254
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Autriche, Finlande, France, Grèce, Italie, Pays-Bas, République tchèque
- Basse-Saxe, Bavière, Bohême centrale, District de Giessen, District de Haute-Bavière, District de Kassel, Hesse (Land), Lombardie, Tyrol (Land)
- Cassel (Hesse), Göttingen, Innsbruck, Marbourg, Milan, Munich, Paris, Prague
- Université de médecine d'Innsbruck
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ISTEX:2F945A0D3A1F58070E1CA75CF05020050D4F2EB9Le document en format XML
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uniqKey="De Weerd A" first="Al" last="De Weerd">Al De Weerd</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>EEG Department and Sleepcenter SEIN Zwolle</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nevsimalova, Sona" sort="Nevsimalova, Sona" uniqKey="Nevsimalova S" first="Sona" last="Nevsimalova">Sona Nevsimalova</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Department of Neurology, Prague</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Prague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Bohême centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sonka, Karel" sort="Sonka, Karel" uniqKey="Sonka K" first="Karel" last="Sonka">Karel Sonka</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Department of Neurology, Prague</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Prague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Bohême centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hogl, Birgit" sort="Hogl, Birgit" uniqKey="Hogl B" first="Birgit" last="Högl">Birgit Högl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>University Clinic Innsbruck, Neurology, Innsbruck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Innsbruck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frauscher, Birgit" sort="Frauscher, Birgit" uniqKey="Frauscher B" first="Birgit" last="Frauscher">Birgit Frauscher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>University Clinic Innsbruck, Neurology, Innsbruck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Innsbruck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poewe, Werner" sort="Poewe, Werner" uniqKey="Poewe W" first="Werner" last="Poewe">Werner Poewe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>University Clinic Innsbruck, Neurology, Innsbruck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Innsbruck</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Innsbruck</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Tyrol (Land)</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de médecine d'Innsbruck</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Trenkwalder, Claudia" sort="Trenkwalder, Claudia" uniqKey="Trenkwalder C" first="Claudia" last="Trenkwalder">Claudia Trenkwalder</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Paracelsius‐Elena Klinik, Kassel</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Kassel</region><settlement type="city">Cassel (Hesse)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pramstaller, Peter P" sort="Pramstaller, Peter P" uniqKey="Pramstaller P" first="Peter P." last="Pramstaller">Peter P. Pramstaller</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Genetic Medicine, EURAC research, Bolzano</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bolzano</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferini Trambi, Luigi" sort="Ferini Trambi, Luigi" uniqKey="Ferini Trambi L" first="Luigi" last="Ferini-Strambi">Luigi Ferini-Strambi</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Università Vita‐Salute San Raffaele, Sleep Disorders Center, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zucconi, Marco" sort="Zucconi, Marco" uniqKey="Zucconi M" first="Marco" last="Zucconi">Marco Zucconi</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Università Vita‐Salute San Raffaele, Sleep Disorders Center, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konofal, Eric" sort="Konofal, Eric" uniqKey="Konofal E" first="Eric" last="Konofal">Eric Konofal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Federation des Pathologies du Sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie‐Salpetriere, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arnulf, Isabelle" sort="Arnulf, Isabelle" uniqKey="Arnulf I" first="Isabelle" last="Arnulf">Isabelle Arnulf</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Federation des Pathologies du Sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie‐Salpetriere, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios M" sort="Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios M" uniqKey="Hadjigeorgiou G" first="Georgios M." last="Hadjigeorgiou">Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Thessaly, Medical School, Department of Neurology, Thessaly</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Thessaly</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Happe, Svenja" sort="Happe, Svenja" uniqKey="Happe S" first="Svenja" last="Happe">Svenja Happe</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Georg‐August‐University Göttingen Department Clinical Neurophysiology, Göttingen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Göttingen</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klein, Christine" sort="Klein, Christine" uniqKey="Klein C" first="Christine" last="Klein">Christine Klein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Lübeck, Department of Neurology, Lübeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lübeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Lübeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hiller, Anja" sort="Hiller, Anja" uniqKey="Hiller A" first="Anja" last="Hiller">Anja Hiller</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Lübeck, Department of Neurology, Lübeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lübeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Lübeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lichtner, Peter" sort="Lichtner, Peter" uniqKey="Lichtner P" first="Peter" last="Lichtner">Peter Lichtner</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, GSF‐National Research Center for Environment and Health, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Technical University, Institute of Human Genetics, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meitinger, Thomas" sort="Meitinger, Thomas" uniqKey="Meitinger T" first="Thomas" last="Meitinger">Thomas Meitinger</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, GSF‐National Research Center for Environment and Health, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Technical University, Institute of Human Genetics, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller Yshok, Betram" sort="Muller Yshok, Betram" uniqKey="Muller Yshok B" first="Betram" last="Müller-Myshok">Betram Müller-Myshok</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Winkelmann, Juliane" sort="Winkelmann, Juliane" uniqKey="Winkelmann J" first="Juliane" last="Winkelmann">Juliane Winkelmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Human Genetics, GSF‐National Research Center for Environment and Health, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Movement Disorders</title><title level="j" type="sub">Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Mov. Disord.</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2007-01-15">2007-01-15</date><biblScope unit="vol">22</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="207">207</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="212">212</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></series><idno type="istex">2F945A0D3A1F58070E1CA75CF05020050D4F2EB9</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/mds.21254</idno><idno type="ArticleID">MDS21254</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 (genetics)</term><term>Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 (genetics)</term><term>Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 (genetics)</term><term>Europe (epidemiology)</term><term>Family study</term><term>Female</term><term>Gene Frequency (genetics)</term><term>Genetic Markers</term><term>Genotype</term><term>Haplotypes</term><term>Humans</term><term>International Cooperation</term><term>Linkage Disequilibrium (genetics)</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Nervous system diseases</term><term>Polymerase Chain Reaction</term><term>Polymorphism, Genetic (genetics)</term><term>RLS1</term><term>RLS2</term><term>RLS3</term><term>Restless Legs Syndrome (ethnology)</term><term>Restless Legs Syndrome (genetics)</term><term>Restless legs syndrome</term><term>genetics</term><term>restless legs syndrome</term><term>transmission disequilibrium test</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" xml:lang="en"><term>Genetic Markers</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Europe</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="ethnology" xml:lang="en"><term>Restless Legs Syndrome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12</term><term>Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14</term><term>Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9</term><term>Gene Frequency</term><term>Linkage Disequilibrium</term><term>Polymorphism, Genetic</term><term>Restless Legs Syndrome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Female</term><term>Genotype</term><term>Haplotypes</term><term>Humans</term><term>International Cooperation</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Polymerase Chain Reaction</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Etude familiale</term><term>Impatience membre inférieur syndrome</term><term>Système nerveux pathologie</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Three loci for the restless legs syndrome (RLS) on chromosomes 12q, 14q, and 9p (RLS1, RLS2, and RLS3) have been mapped, but no gene has been identified as yet. RLS1 has been confirmed in families from three different populations. We conducted a family‐based association study of 159 European RLS trios. The subjects were genotyped using microsatellite markers evenly covering the candidate regions on chromosomes 14q and 9p with an average intermarker distance of 1.1 cM. Transmission disequilibrium tests were used to analyze the data, and empirical P values were estimated by permutation testing. On chromosome 14q, a significant association (empirical P = 0.0033) was found with a haplotype formed by markers D14S1014 and D14S1017 when analyzing all families. On chromosome 9p, no significant association in the sample of all families and only marginally significant associations were detected, with a haplotype involving markers D9S1846‐D9S171 in a subset of South European trios and with a haplotype at D9S156‐D9S157 in a subset of Central European trios (P = 0.0086 and 0.0077, respectively). These results represent the first confirmation of these loci in a mixed European population. Variable results observed in families of different ethnic groups further corroborate the genetic complexity of RLS. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Autriche</li><li>Finlande</li><li>France</li><li>Grèce</li><li>Italie</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>République tchèque</li></country><region><li>Basse-Saxe</li><li>Bavière</li><li>Bohême centrale</li><li>District de Giessen</li><li>District de Haute-Bavière</li><li>District de Kassel</li><li>Hesse (Land)</li><li>Lombardie</li><li>Tyrol (Land)</li></region><settlement><li>Cassel (Hesse)</li><li>Göttingen</li><li>Innsbruck</li><li>Marbourg</li><li>Milan</li><li>Munich</li><li>Paris</li><li>Prague</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de médecine d'Innsbruck</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Bavière"><name sortKey="Kemlink, David" sort="Kemlink, David" uniqKey="Kemlink D" first="David" last="Kemlink">David Kemlink</name></region><name sortKey="Happe, Svenja" sort="Happe, Svenja" uniqKey="Happe S" first="Svenja" last="Happe">Svenja Happe</name><name sortKey="Hiller, Anja" sort="Hiller, Anja" uniqKey="Hiller A" first="Anja" last="Hiller">Anja Hiller</name><name sortKey="Klein, Christine" sort="Klein, Christine" uniqKey="Klein C" first="Christine" last="Klein">Christine Klein</name><name sortKey="Lichtner, Peter" sort="Lichtner, Peter" uniqKey="Lichtner P" first="Peter" last="Lichtner">Peter Lichtner</name><name sortKey="Lichtner, Peter" sort="Lichtner, Peter" uniqKey="Lichtner P" first="Peter" last="Lichtner">Peter Lichtner</name><name sortKey="Meitinger, Thomas" sort="Meitinger, Thomas" uniqKey="Meitinger T" first="Thomas" last="Meitinger">Thomas Meitinger</name><name sortKey="Meitinger, Thomas" sort="Meitinger, Thomas" uniqKey="Meitinger T" first="Thomas" last="Meitinger">Thomas Meitinger</name><name sortKey="Muller Yshok, Betram" sort="Muller Yshok, Betram" uniqKey="Muller Yshok B" first="Betram" last="Müller-Myshok">Betram Müller-Myshok</name><name sortKey="Oertel, Wolfgang" sort="Oertel, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Oertel W" first="Wolfgang" last="Oertel">Wolfgang Oertel</name><name sortKey="Stiasny Olster, Karin" sort="Stiasny Olster, Karin" uniqKey="Stiasny Olster K" first="Karin" last="Stiasny-Kolster">Karin Stiasny-Kolster</name><name sortKey="Trenkwalder, Claudia" sort="Trenkwalder, Claudia" uniqKey="Trenkwalder C" first="Claudia" last="Trenkwalder">Claudia Trenkwalder</name><name sortKey="Winkelmann, Juliane" sort="Winkelmann, Juliane" uniqKey="Winkelmann J" first="Juliane" last="Winkelmann">Juliane Winkelmann</name><name sortKey="Winkelmann, Juliane" sort="Winkelmann, Juliane" uniqKey="Winkelmann J" first="Juliane" last="Winkelmann">Juliane Winkelmann</name></country><country name="République tchèque"><region name="Bohême centrale"><name sortKey="Kemlink, David" sort="Kemlink, David" uniqKey="Kemlink D" first="David" last="Kemlink">David Kemlink</name></region><name sortKey="Nevsimalova, Sona" sort="Nevsimalova, Sona" uniqKey="Nevsimalova S" first="Sona" last="Nevsimalova">Sona Nevsimalova</name><name sortKey="Sonka, Karel" sort="Sonka, Karel" uniqKey="Sonka K" first="Karel" last="Sonka">Karel Sonka</name></country><country name="Finlande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Polo, Olli" sort="Polo, Olli" uniqKey="Polo O" first="Olli" last="Polo">Olli Polo</name></noRegion></country><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Montagna, Pasquale" sort="Montagna, Pasquale" uniqKey="Montagna P" first="Pasquale" last="Montagna">Pasquale Montagna</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ferini Trambi, Luigi" sort="Ferini Trambi, Luigi" uniqKey="Ferini Trambi L" first="Luigi" last="Ferini-Strambi">Luigi Ferini-Strambi</name><name sortKey="Pramstaller, Peter P" sort="Pramstaller, Peter P" uniqKey="Pramstaller P" first="Peter P." last="Pramstaller">Peter P. Pramstaller</name><name sortKey="Provini, Federica" sort="Provini, Federica" uniqKey="Provini F" first="Federica" last="Provini">Federica Provini</name><name sortKey="Zucconi, Marco" sort="Zucconi, Marco" uniqKey="Zucconi M" first="Marco" last="Zucconi">Marco Zucconi</name></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><noRegion><name sortKey="De Weerd, Al" sort="De Weerd, Al" uniqKey="De Weerd A" first="Al" last="De Weerd">Al De Weerd</name></noRegion></country><country name="Autriche"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hogl, Birgit" sort="Hogl, Birgit" uniqKey="Hogl B" first="Birgit" last="Högl">Birgit Högl</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Frauscher, Birgit" sort="Frauscher, Birgit" uniqKey="Frauscher B" first="Birgit" last="Frauscher">Birgit Frauscher</name><name sortKey="Poewe, Werner" sort="Poewe, Werner" uniqKey="Poewe W" first="Werner" last="Poewe">Werner Poewe</name></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Konofal, Eric" sort="Konofal, Eric" uniqKey="Konofal E" first="Eric" last="Konofal">Eric Konofal</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Arnulf, Isabelle" sort="Arnulf, Isabelle" uniqKey="Arnulf I" first="Isabelle" last="Arnulf">Isabelle Arnulf</name></country><country name="Grèce"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios M" sort="Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios M" uniqKey="Hadjigeorgiou G" first="Georgios M." last="Hadjigeorgiou">Georgios M. 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